Jute fiber is the golden fiber. This fiber is used for manufacturing different types of environment friendly products. Day by day the demands of jute goods are increasing rapidly. Lots of jute mills are established to satisfy the present requirement of jute goods. So, one should have the knowledge about the processing line up of jute products manufacturing.
Two types of jute mills are generally established, one types produces yarn only and others manufacturing both yarn and finished goods (Hessian, Sacking or CBC). Here I like to give concept about spinning unit which is started from batching unit to winding unit.
Spinning division is divided into following:
- Batching
- Carding
- Drawing
- Spinning
- Winding
Batching: Batching is the first section of spinning division. Raw jute is entered in this section which is processed here by the help of softener or spreader machine. Emulsion is applied on jute by this machine. This emulsion is the combination of JBO, Water and Emulsifier. Then, jute fiber is placed for pilling.
Purpose of batch section:
- To produce qualified yarn.
- To control the batch value.
Carding: Carding is the second section of jute spinning. In the mill, drawing and carding section is combindly called as preparing section. Carding is called the heart of spinning. Main objects of carding are to produce straight and parallel fiber, to remove dust and small fiber.
Two types of carding machines are used. They are-
- Breaker card: Breaker card is used to produce sliver roll to facilities next process. Long jute is feed in the feeding side of the breaker card. In breaker card, 32 lbs are feed within 1 clock length.
- Finisher card: finisher card is used to make more parallel the fibers. It is used to select a batch for produce selected count. Two types of finisher card are available. One is half circular another is full circular machine.
Draw frame: Draw frame is used to reduce weight in per unit length. By using drawing roller, length of finisher roll sliver is elongated. The setting of drawing unit is varying for CBC, Hessian and Sacking unit. Normally, 1st drawing, 2nd drawing and 3rd drawing are used for CBC and Hessian. On the other hand, 1st drawing and finisher drawing is used for Sacking Weft unit.
Spinning: Spinning frame is used to produce yarn from drawn sliver. Sliver is feed to drafting zone and twisting is done by the flyer. Twisted yarn is worned on the bobbin. Generally, two types of draft is use-
- Apron draft
- Slip draft
Warp spinning frame (4.25”) contains 100 spindles (CBC, Hessian warp & weft and Sacking Warp). 5.25” spinning frame is used for sacking weft side, which contains 80 spindles.
Different count yarn is produced in the spinning frame. Follings are the range of yarn count:
3.5-6 lbs/spyndle is for fine yarn.
6.5-8.5 lbs/spyndle is for CBC yarn.
7-9 lbs/spyndle is for hessian warp yarn.
7-12 lbs/spyndle is for hessian weft yarn.
8-10 lbs/spyndle is for sacking warp yarn.
20-40 lbs/spyndle is for sacking weft yarn.
Winding: Winding is the last section of jute spinning. Two types of winding is use, they are-
- Cop Winding (produce weft yarn)
- Spool or roll winding (produce warp yarn).
After winding section, twin yarn is produced. Spool and cop are delivered into weaving section to produce finished jute goods.
So, that’s the short concept about jute spinning.
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